The Hadith Science Meanings and Classifications

Hadith as traditional schools of studying and understanding Quran and the prophecy of Muhammad’s statements. Hadith relates to different interpretations of the sacred scripture, as well as Muhammad’s records (Kamali 16). In this respect, there are different classifications of the Hadith science that consider various angles of the study, including Sahih, Hasan, Muwaththaq, and Da if (Al-Fadli 13).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Hadith Science Meanings and Classifications specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The existence of different meanings and assumptions concerning the Islamic reading contribute to the development of debate on the religious issues. Later discussions of hadith are presented by West European scholars whose assumptions arose as a result of the Muslim scholars from the viewpoint of religion and politics. The Science of Hadith should also rely on the analysis of its componen ts. In particular, hadith is divided into the chain of transmission (sanad) and content (matn) (Al-Fadli 77). The chain of transmission consists in reliance and dependence of the scientists on the sequence of deductions. Hence, the chain relates to the path of transmission by means of which the thought reaches the reporter from the initial narrator. It is composed of separate elements shaping the entire chain (Al-Fadli 77). Matn is the content the text of the originally articulated speech introduced by the narrator. The text is split in two elements – the meaning and the wording (Al-Fadli 77). The meaning denotes the significance of the narration and includes lexical, grammatical, and morphological aspects. The wording is associated with grammatical arrangement that is confined to words and word combinations. Based on the emerged misunderstanding among the scholars exploring hadith, some assertions about the reliability and validity of the science in general have been introdu ced. In this respect, Alshehri refers to two schools of thought – that of al-Zuhri and al-Bukhari (98). Hence, according to the first theorist, â€Å"if students want to learn, they must strive, and they should not be given any ready-made knowledge in the shape of books or regular dictators† (99). This teaching policy, however, altered as soon as the Islamic law introduced new changes to the learning process. In particular, it is regarded that knowledge should be gained with extreme effort. The second theorist resorts to isnad to highlight the transitions between the narrations. The majority of scientists refer to authentic interpretation of the Islamic Law. According to sahih, a category of Hadith, â€Å"a tradition that has broken chain transmission†¦cannot be termed ‘authentic’, even if all the reporters in its chain are veracious imamis† (Al-Fadli 10).Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can hel p you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The tradition also refers to the accurate reporting of the texts to the extent that there is no sign of transmissions. Hasan is the school of thought that is associated with the necessity to affirm the reliability of the statement. In case one of the narrations are not authentic that other related narrations should depend on it. The tradition of hadith is also widely discussion with regard to dichotomy between soul and the spirit. In particular, Daftari argues that the Islamic tradition focuses on the absence of differences between spirit and soul (118). However, there are supportive arguments that describe this dichotomy in terms of material and spiritual matters. The scholar introduces a number of related studies dedicated to the analysis of Islamic philosophy rejecting the identity between soul and spirit. Hadith science often makes use of these terms interchangeably, which is sometimes creates controversy. In particula r, provided soul is of bodily origins, it cannot exist beyond it. In contrast, spirit is more associated with moral awareness, which stands apart from bodily experiences. As an example, Daftari states, â€Å"the spirit has been created before the soul but there is no reference to the time of the soul’s creation† (120). Therefore, the spirit exists beyond the body; it is immortal embodiment of the spiritual domain. The spirit is also the measurement of human moral actions; if a person commits a bad action, he/she will not be able to receive benefits from the spirit. Hadith discovers detailed description of the spirit and soul. It also suggests that such functions as sight and hearing are connected with the soul whereas the functions pertaining to spirituality and humanity relate to the spirit. Consequently, hadith states that a wise person can change their immoral behaviors of his soul to contribute to the good characteristics of the spirit. All actions are aimed at tra nsferring the bad actions into good ones. Therefore, the tradition introduces humans as perfect being who can carry out both material and immaterial actions inside themselves. In conclusion, the science of hadith is the field relating to moral, religious, and legal interpretation of the Islamic prophet’s statements. It has a number of sub-categories considering various narrations, including sahih and hasan. It also has a chain of transmission and the text itself that serves the basic for scientific examination. Numerous scholars are engaged in learning and analyzing the narration in terms of authenticity and consistence with the sacred scripture. In addition, hadith strongly relates to the study of soul and spirit that are differentiated in the Islamic tradition.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Hadith Science Meanings and Classifications specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Al-Fadli, Abd al-Hadi. Introduction to Hadith. US: ICAS Press, 2011. Print. Alshehri, Mohammed. â€Å"Misunderstanding Of Statements And Practices Of Some Early HadÄ «th Scholars By Some Orientalists.† Journal Of Hadith Studies 8.2 (2010): 97-106. Print. Daftari, Abdulaziz. â€Å"The Dichotomy of The Soul And Spirit In Shi’a Hadith.† Journal of Shi’a Islamic Studies 5.2 (2012): 117-129. Print. Kamali, Mohammad, and Islamic Foundation. A Text of Hadith Studies: Authenticity, Compilation, Classification, and Criticism of Hadith. US: Islamic Foundation. 2005. Print. 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How to spot a fake job posting

How to spot a fake job posting The job market is hard enough to navigate without having to worry about some posting turning out to be a scam- or even just a dead end. Save your precious time and energy by being on the lookout for these simple signs that something just isn’t right. 1. The company has no online presence.You do your due diligence and try to verify the person, the company, the job listing†¦ and nothing is turning up in your Googling. You can stop right there and step away. Legit jobs always have  some online trail.2. The recruiter’s email doesn’t match their company.You get an email from a recruiter who claims to represent a fabulous and well-known company. The company logo might even be at the bottom of the email. Look closely- does the email they want you to send materials to not end in the official company name (theircompany.com)? If the email associated with the posting or the invitation is a personal one (think Hotmail, Gmail, Yahoo, etc.), maybe take a pass. And pleas e, please don’t respond and attach any personal documents unless you’re sure you’re dealing with the real deal.3. You found it via a random social media post.While it is possible to land a great job you found through social media, chances are if it’s just posted there- or sponsored or advertised- it’s probably not as sweet a deal as it seems. Remember that the overwhelming majority of jobs are referral based, come through legitimate channels, or are on vetted job boards. Resist the idea that you can just surf Facebook and get hired.4. They claim â€Å"No experience necessary.†Sure, maybe the job they’re offering is entry level. Maybe they offer training. But if the posting leads with NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY, you can be almost certain that there’s a catch you won’t like. Most jobs want you to come equipped with some skills.5. The language is sloppy.If the ad isn’t well written, or it contains spelling or grammatica l errors, or it’s just sloppily punctuated or IN ALL CAPS, consider it a red flag. A real job posting will be professional and polished.6. They ask for an interview via chat or text.You should be wary if your first interview scheduled on some kind of text messaging service. While remote interviews are becoming increasingly common, that means phone calls and Skype, not a typed conversation in a chat window.7. Anything about it is too good to be true.You’re hired immediately! The salary is CRAZY HIGH! They contacted you out of the blue! No need to interview! When can you start? (Hint: if a job seems too good to be true, it probably is too good to be true.)8. Everything about it is vague.If you can’t tell from the posting what exactly your role would be at the company, that’s a problem. A bigger problem is when you can’t really tell what the company does and get a sense of its mission or history. If all of this is very vague†¦ leave this one on t he â€Å"no† pile.9. They want money.If you’re asked to pay  anything- such as a fee to apply or for a software program with which to send in your application materials- consider the job a scam. A general rule of thumb: never give your money away to total strangers you meet on the internet.10. Your gut says no.The bottom line: keep an eye out for these and other warning signs, but your best alarm system is your own gut feeling. Does something seem off to you? If so, let it go. There are other jobs out there.

Snowstorm Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Snowstorm Case Study - Essay Example Every airport should have safety as the priority when conducting its operations. An important first step to doing this is by ensuring that all equipment that is to be used in snow and ice control are calibrated properly, updated, and certified as required at all time. The supervisor, mechanics, and equipment operators should inspect equipment at all times to ensure that the airport is in a position to deal with a snowstorm (Zhang, Debendra,and Rorik, 13). The supervisor needs to ensure that the required automotive fluids, parts used for replacement, and equipment are inventoried and stocked as is required as a pre-emptive move towards preventing a crisis in the event of a snowstorm. It is important to ensure that personnel notification procedures are up to date at all times. The supervisor should, therefore, review the call-out procedures for personnel preceding winter. The supervisor can do this by overseeing the updating of the cell phone numbers and other contacts of personnel involved in snow and ice control. Weather forecasting is of utmost importance to an airport because it is invaluable when it comes to scheduling of flights and the snow crew. The supervisor should, therefore, ensure that the airport contracts aviation weather services so that it is prepared in case of a snowstorm. In addition to contracted forecasting services, the airport should make use of the local weather service forecast and the runway surface condition sensor system. Forecasting information from these avenues is useful in scheduling of on-duty and off-duty snow crew personnel. The forecasting information can also be used for preparation of necessary equipment in snow and ice control procedures and the restocking of anti-icing or deicing materials. One way to ensure that snow and ice do not accumulate and cause a nuisance in the airport is by sweeping or plowing accumulations of the runway. The